Everything on the list I’ve seen done (been hands-on with) very successfully, most of them repeatedly. I’ve also seen many, many more failed (and often pointless) attempts. I don’t have any great answer to why other than the importance (practical value to customers) of it being clear, well understood by leaders and doers, and high.

If having an API is core to the value customers will realize then it’s likely a good API will emerge. Etc.