Curiously, iOS and iPadOS file systems are case-sensitive. There's less legacy there, so they opted to do the correct thing.

Please don't call this "the correct thing". Please recognize that there are multiple, valid, points of view. What you meant is "the thing I like".

It's not "the thing I like", it's the better tradeoff. It's less complex and thus more secure (due to reduced API surface and fewer opportunities to make lookup mistakes or to mistakenly choose the wrong out of dozens of kinds of case-insensitive comparison in a security decision). It's also potentially faster, and more compatible with other Unixes.