Bracelets don’t work, they’re foreign objects - they don’t remember why they’re there so they just take them off.
Shoes can work, but they might not put them on.
QR tattoos - how do you know if an elderly person you see in the street is lost? Can’t approach everyone „hey you got a tattoo?“ - it’s a hard problem.
Imagine your memory reset every few minutes to before the dementia started - that has to be your basic assumption for a solution.
Maybe implantable trackers eventually, or prevent them from leaving through humanoid robotic avatars … working on that: www.devanthro.com