https://www.johndcook.com/blog/2011/01/12/how-long-computer-... is a decent place to start for thinking about how different timings work for things. It's a bit on the stale side, some things have gotten much faster (e.g. disk "seeks" are dramatically different with NVMe), but a lot of it has stayed similar, and some will never change (packet timing to Europe has a speed-of-light limit for now)