Color and dynamic range of most sensors extends greatly beyond sRGB, it's the camera's JPEG processing engine which maps this larger range to the smaller sRGB (or AdobeRGB) range.
You can attach custom ICC profile to JPEG, also to TIFF or PNG. But still you need to normalize data from different kind of sensors before you feed any ML engine with it. sRGB or AdobeRGB are most common color space profiles you can get with varied content.
