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Portugal? No invasions or civil wars since the 1800s.


Depends on where you draw the line between revolution and civil war. Portugal had revolutions in 1910, 1933, and 1974


On the historical definition of those events. None of those is called a civil war. Maybe for a reason, but I'm no historian.

Most of those lasted hours to days, a consisted mainly on raised tensions / coups rather than loss of human life by long armed conformation.


I guess it depends on the question we're asking and answering. Maybe the wrong question was asked? Does an armed and trained populace prevent a constitutional disorder? It seems that no-one would say the Swiss system was worth imitating if, two or three times since they instituted it, there were military coups including a multi-generational dictatorship. A refined question certainly improves the appearance of the Swiss system without seeming arbitrary.

On the other hand, who knows. Maybe the Swiss democracy is like the American democracy - and primarily exists to serve the interests of a well connected minority. It's hard to say it's good to keep a system that preserves the interests of a powerful minority in that kind of context.




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