Questions 4 through 14 are likely not to be answered, or founders will be cagey about it. IMHO, if you get stiff-armed and you're applying to be in the first 10 employees, then run.
My general view is if you're in the first 10 or so employees for a VC-backed startup, you deserve near-founder benefits (including financial transparency).
My general view is if you're in the first 10 or so employees for a VC-backed startup, you deserve near-founder benefits (including financial transparency).