Malthus had an interesting idea about some resources growing geometrically and others growing arithmetically. There wasn't real world data to back up the supposition. His conclusions seem to have been based on naive mathematical understandings, and misinterpreting processes that approximate logistic functions being at different stages of transitions. With changing marginal growth rates, even similar processes could appear to be fundamentally different from each other if they are in different stages.

Climate science in this century is based on mathematically sophisticated models, and beyond the comparative theoretical rigor, they have been shown to have good predictive power.