How quickly after learning JavaScript should one consider learning TypeScript? I've used JS for a while now (two-three months) and want to try TS but at the same time not jump ship too quickly.
Typescript is great because it can be gradually added. It's just additions on top of JS, so if you're writing any JavaScript, you're already writing compatible TypeScript (the types just default to "Any"). Then you can add type definitions wherever you like. The whole codebase, or just a few functions that are often confusing (like that damn function which is expecting a "YYY-MM-DD" string instead of Date object).
You only realize most of the benefits though when working on a large/complex project, or on a team where you're not responsible for most of the codebase, or other scenarios where it's hard to keep the entire project "in your head" at once. If you're just using JS to add autocomplete, pagination, other simple things to a page, then TypeScript may just be unnecessary effort.
Basically, how often do you end up with a bug because of improper types. Or how much time do you spend looking up what type you need to use somewhere. TypeScript is worth it when the time spent on those issues is greater than the time spent learning TypeScript (which isn't very much).
You won't be jumping ship at all. Everything you know about JavaScript applies directly to TypeScript. It's a superset of JavaScript. You can even take your existing JavaScript code and start adding TypeScript annotations to it a little at a time.