Hitchens called himself an "antitheist" and certainly expressed that sentiment freely, I don't see why someone shouldn't express anti-atheism freely.

Violence is obviously already illegal, as is anti-semitism in many western countries.

Really? Name one NSA cipher that is better than an equivalent academic-designed cipher? DES? SHA2?

You get original DES, I get DES with the NSA-designed S-boxes. Want to make a bet about whose messages get cracked first?

By the NSA?

By anyone, but if adversary was NSA at the time of adoption of their suggested S-boxes then I still win.

Teenagers can get jobs and buy their own devices. Any age restriction past 13 or so is kind of pointless in the 21st century.

Huh?

The question wasn't about how to filter to teenagers, was it?

The question was about what people might want to filter to teenagers.

OK but then we're not talking about the real world where teenagers are able to access anything on the internet (regardless of filtering), but a hypothetical world where adults have total control over teenagers.

I guess what I'm saying is that the premise is false.

Not applicable to Telegram, but if the app is open source and you have a Mac (!) you can install it using Xcode.

Since Signal is actually open source, you can install it even if Apple decides to block it in the future (if you have a Mac).

Telegram clients are open source and can be built yourself.

Kinda. They're open source, but the source code is not updated frequently.

This is a great option if your audience has very high need, but it will not make it available to the average non-tech savvy person who needs it.

OK, but High Sierra VMs in VBox are pretty easy with vagrant. Plus the standard tweaks for running on Windows and Linux hosts.

So technical users could install for their friends.

Do note that it will only run for 7 days unless you pay Apple $100 a year for the privilege of running code on your own device.

You can reinstall it every 7 days for free though!

This is only true for iOS apps, not for Mac Apps. You can get Xcode and compile whatever you want with it.

OK, but we're clearly talking in the iOS context, given that was the only platform Apple was blocking.

You are correct that the requirements are different, but not exactly for the reasons you mention. Users of those languages use them to prove theorems, and the theorems you get are correct with respect to the arithmetical theory used. Programmers may want some error condition when dividing by zero, because that's what they believe their users expect (say, the program drives some actuator, and bad things may happen if division by zero is not detected). So yeah, the justification for this behavior needs to be different.

Only criminal laws are prohibited from being retroactive, because the Supreme Court works in mysterious ways.

I assumed the parent meant a criminal penalty. But, I still don't understand why anyone would want the government to have such a capricious legislative power.

How about adding the number of days in the current month?

It depends on user intent.

Often the user means "same day of the week, four or five weeks from now".

It seems very implausible. Anyone with that level of sophistication may as well look for exploits in bitcoin exchanges and steal the bitcoins directly.