OpenVMS on x86 implements kernel crash dumping in more or less the same way as Linux. See Chapter 6 of https://docs.vmssoftware.com/docs/vsi-openvms-x86-64-boot-ma...

Yes: https://github.com/flatpak/xdg-desktop-portal/pull/711

Requires DE integration. Currently works on KDE only.

The Linux kernel actually has something like that: https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/kbuild/modules.html#m....

It's used on Debian to support out-of-tree modules: https://kernel-team.pages.debian.net/kernel-handbook/ch-vers...