I spoke with a couple Clang and LLVM devs about MLIR when I was doing the original design for jank's IR. The general consensus was that MLIR added a great deal of complexity on top of designing/implementing an IR and nobody was confident it was actually worth the effort. Since I knew exactly what I wanted, I just built that.
jank's custom IR is completely separate and unrelated to LLVM IR, aside from both of them being SSA-based IRs. We go from jank's AST into jank's IR into C++, which we then give to Clang compile into the LLVM JIT runtime. So LLVM IR is used in the pipeline, but we don't touch it directly. More info on that, and a diagram, is here: https://book.jank-lang.org/dev/ir.html (which I linked in the post)
MLIR dialects have to be lowered into the basic LLVM one eventually, don't they? Does MLIR add anything over a custom IR for host languages that aren't deficient at manipulating data structures?
'MLIR dialects' is just a term for teaching MLIR how to manipulate and understand your own custom IR.
MLIR is just very good at producing good vectorized code in the presence of stuff like nested loops compared to LLVM or even some of the most carefully crafted custom compilers. It's not about whether your custom compiler is 'deficient' at handling data structures, MLIR is just genuinely very good at some of this stuff compared to basically anyone else.
For most projects it's just more trouble than it's worth though, because maintaining and using an MLIR dialect definition is hard.
But AFAIK those aren't features of MLIR, but of lowering to existing MLIR dialects and running their passes. My genuine question is whether these passes provide any benefit before lowering, because otherwise a custom dialect doesn't add anything over lowering from a custom IR for anyone not using C++; and the only example I've seen is forced inlining.
Medicare has a similar issue. When you sign up at 65, you have to make a first big decision, Traditional Medicare (yay!) or private Medicare Advantage (boo!).
Traditional Medicare consists of Part A (hospitals), Part B (doctors) and Part D (drugs). Part A+B don't cover everything so you have a Medigap plan. I have Plan G which has very little paperwork. All up, I spend about $400/mo and I'm very happy with A+B+G+D.
With Medicare Advantage you sign over your Medicare rights+benefits to a private insurer. This may save you some money, especially early on. In fairness, not really a lot and the $0/mo plans are a scam. With Medicare Advantage, you will then have to argue with an insurance company for the rest of your life. You'll have to deal with preauthorizations and a restricted network.
With Traditional Medicare, what's covered is spelled out pretty clearly ahead of time. Docs know it. You know it. There's literally an app for that. With Medicare Advantage, medically necessary is at the discretion of the private insurance company.
Here is the scenario from a relative: he had a heart event which ended up needing a stent. He had to argue with Kaiser while this was going on. Kaiser is 240,000 people. He is one.
Medicare Advantage is very profitable.
It is possible to switch back from MA to TM which really revolves around your Medigap plan. You are guaranteed issue for Medigap plans for about 3 months before/after you turn 65. After that, you will have to undergo medical underwriting.
"Medicare Advantage" = HMO. All the usual HMO problems.
The best Medigap plan is Plan F, which is no longer available to new subscribers.
"Discontinuation of Medicare Plan F was a strategic decision aimed at promoting responsible healthcare spending and ensuring the financial sustainability of the Medicare program." It covers just about everything Medicare doesn't pay, including the various deductibles Medicare has. If Medicare covered Medicare's part, the Plan F provider has to pay their part. They don't get to question it. I don't even see hospital bills, just statements that it's been paid for.
I’m 40, on Social Security Disability Insurance and recently became eligible for Medicare.
After years on Kaiser because of familiarity, when I became eligible for Medicare, I had to make a choice between original Medicare or Medicare Advantage.
It’s incredible expensive to buy into adequate coverage if you’re under 65 and on disability and want original Medicare, but after the mixed experience I had with Kaiser, I wouldn’t have it any other way.
As I have some serious health conditions, I signed up with Plan G Extra and a high coverage tier for Part D. It’s going to cost about $1300/mo plus an additional $202.90/mo for part B, but it’s better than having to worry about future health issues putting me in financial ruin.
Nice to preserve choice being responsible for at most a $283 deductible per year on top of the monthly cost.
I had a 3 day hospital stay in December 2024 that was $75,000 and I didn’t have to pay for it, so it was worth it to have good coverage.
The theory behind Medicare Advantage is that it would cost the government less than traditional Medicare because the private insurer would be more efficient. Guess what happened.
Well the only ways to make any sort of insurance pool (whether it's run by the government or a private organization, for or non profit) more efficient is to deny more payouts or aggressively select for a less risky risk-pool. Medicare insures everyone over age 65, so the second option doesn't work. You can't just leave half the elderly uninsured because they're fat and likely to run up $100,000 in knee replacements. So you have to deny more claims.
Insurance is brutally simple. Money in, money out. Trying to make your back office more lean with tech and automation has extremely limited returns, because the back office is such a small portion of the total cost structure. 95-100% of costs in any given insurance operation are claims. So everything to do making things more efficient and reducing costs has to do with reducing claims.
It's not that simple. Something like a quarter of all healthcare procedures aren't justified on an evidence-based medicine basis and do nothing to improve patient outcomes. Higher quality care actually costs less. But there's a huge amount of waste and mismanagement at all levels of the system.
In fact, MA costs the government more per person than does TM. MA may have been lobbied for as a cost saving measure. It is, in fact, a profit center for insurance companies.
I have a Tern Eclipse P18 24" folding bike which I like a lot. Tern and Dahon are related. Wasn't cheap and is hard to find. I literally drove to Vegas and met an IT sysadmin in a casino parking lot at 2am. He was coming off shift. It was legit (found it on EBay and he had the manuals) but it looked+felt like a drug deal.
I have upgraded the Tern. The original FSA crank would come loose and so I replaced it with a Shimano 105 part which required a Wheels Mfg 386 EVO Adaptor. I've never had a problem with it since. I also replaced the front derailleur with an SRAM Yaw which is just perfection.
It's great out to about 20 miles and you can't go up anything really steep because the shorter wheelbase just pops a wheelie. Tires and tubes are hard to find. But it's an awesome bike to have around.
For migraines, I take two CVS Migraine about every week to ten days. It's a cocktail of acetaminophen, aspirin and caffeine which tallies to 500 mg of acetaminophen, well under then 4g limit. It's good for four hours but you can only take two per day.
I didn't know about this acetaminophen risk. So I'll be looking for alternatives. Ibuprofen is for inflammation and not headaches. Naproxen is a candidate.
Ibuprofen is very well supported as a treatment for migraines. Not necessarily headaches generally, but definitely migraines.
But there are multiple classes of abort drugs now that a doctor might be able to prescribe you, like triptans and CGRP inhibitors, that work much better than either NSAIDs or acetaminophen.
High dose aspirin (1000mg) + caffeine worked much better for me for migraines than paracetamol/ibuprofen/naproxen which did nothing. There're some studies supporting this too...
That makes sense. The CX-2 calculators are a bit less like the iPad era and more like the equivalent of calc I/II classes which only let you use specific TI models versus an app on your smartphone.
It reminds me of a family friend who's a bit older and did their scuba certification using dive tables, whereas when I did my PADI, I was able to use a dive computer.
You can also pass clubs. In fact, at my local juggling meetup (Castro Valley BART), it really breaks into two groups: passers and numbers. Passers get together and pass. It's quite social. Someone explains a group pattern and they work through it. OTOH, numbers jugglers can juggle 5 or more clubs+balls. They segregate themselves off and really only talk to each other. We're in the same place but numbers only talk to other numbers.
Well, $50,000 is just not that much money. Sarah Wynn-Williams could open a Patreon account; scrape together $50,000; do an interview and cut Zuck a check.
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